A recent study sheds light on the age old question “who were the ancient Egyptians?”
A team of international scientists from the University of Tuebingen and the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Germany analyzed the DNA of 93 Egyptian mummies dating from approximately 1400 BCE to 400 CE. The evidence from their study reveals a surprising close relation to ancient people of the Near East such as Armenians.
Our analyses reveal that ancient Egyptians shared more ancestry with Near Easterners than present-day Egyptians, who received additional sub-Saharan admixture in more recent times.
We find that ancient Egyptians are most closely related to Neolithic and Bronze Age samples in the Levant, as well as to Neolithic Anatolian and European populations.
Furthermore, the researchers found that over the 1,300-year period that the mummies represented, the population genetics of the ancient Egypt stayed surprising stable, despite foreign invasions.
The genetics of the Abusir el-Meleq community did not undergo any major shifts during the 1,300-year timespan we studied, suggesting that the population remained, genetically, relatively unaffected by foreign conquest and rule.
said Wolfgang Haak, from the Max Planck Institutes.
The sub-Saharan African genetic influx seems to have only started after the Roman period, which coincides with the advent of monotheism in particularly Islam. Hence why modern Egyptians are more genetically shifted towards African people than the ancient Egyptians.
We found the ancient Egyptian samples falling distinct from modern Egyptians, and closer towards Near Eastern and European samples. In contrast, modern Egyptians are shifted towards sub-Saharan African populations.
So it turns out that modern Egyptians share more genetic ancestry with Sub-Saharan Africans than ancient Egyptians did, while the ancient Egyptians show a closer genetic affinity with ancient people from the Near East and the Levant like Armenians.
Tutankhamun’s paternal lineage
Something similar was revealed a few years ago when a controversy erupted surrounding Tutankhamun’s paternal lineage. Egyptian scholars have tested the autosomal and Y-DNA markers of three Pharaohs of the 18th dynasty : Amenhotep III, his son Akhenaten and grandson Tutankhamun. The aim was to determine the cause of death of Tutankhamun, who died at age 19. They however did not release the genetic data to the public themselves. The Discovery Chanel was making a documentary about this research and perhaps by mistake has recorded and aired some of the results from scientists computers.
Keen observers of the genetics company iGENEA quickly pointed out that the video from Discovery Channel shows the Y-STR results, which appear to be R1b. R1b and its variants is rare among modern Egyptians and the Middle East, it is however quite common in Europe and among the Armenians. This revelation however has not been taken seriously by academia, since the results were never officially published by Egyptian scholars.
Looking back however, with the recent study in mind, it is highly possible that the ancient Egyptian Pharaohs had European or Armenian ancestry.
Ancient Europeans and modern Armenians
The Armenian Highlands and Anatolia form a bridge connecting Europe, the Near East and the Caucasus. Anatolia’s location and history have placed it at the centre of several modern human expansions in Eurasia: it has been inhabited continuously since at least the early Upper Palaeolithic, and has the oldest known monumental complex built by huntergatherers in the 10th millennium BCE (Armenian Portasar commonly known as Göbekli Tepe). It is believed to have been the origin and/or route for migrating Near Eastern farmers towards Europe during the Neolithic, and has also played a major role in the dispersal of the Indo-European languages.
A genetics study by Haber et. al (2015) published not so long ago in the Nature’s European Journal of Human Genetics has demonstrated this connection.
We show that Armenians have higher genetic affinity to Neolithic Europeans than other present-day Near Easterners, and that 29% of the Armenian ancestry may originate from an ancestral population best represented by Neolithic Europeans.
Hence today’s Armenians show genetic affinity to both the ancient Europeans and Egyptians. For more details read the following article: Armenians Have A High Genetic Affinity To Ancient Europeans
The Hyksos
One explanation for the ancient Egyptian genetic affinity to Near East and Europe could be the Hyksos invasion. The Hyksos (Egyptian heqa khaseshet, meaning: “ruler(s) of the foreign countries”) were a people of unknown origin who settled in the eastern Nile Delta, some time before 1650 BC and ruled over Egypt well into the Hellenistic era. The Hyksos were often described as bowmen and cavalrymen wearing the cloaks of many colors. They were excellent archers and horse riders, who brought chariot warfare to Egypt.
Various theories have been postulated regarding their origin among them the theory of their Hurrian and Indo-European descent. Their way of life certainly resembles that of the Armeno-Aryan peoples of the time. The Hyksos for example practiced horse burials, and their chief deity was a storm God who later became associated with the Egyptian storm and desert god Set. Ancient Armenians worshiped the storm God Teshub/Teisheba. Teshub was later also identified with Aramazd and Hayk.
Furthermore, the Hyksos brought several technical innovations to Egypt, as well as cultural infusions such as new musical instruments and foreign loanwords. The changes introduced include new techniques of bronze working and pottery, new breeds of animals, and new crops. In warfare, they introduced the horse and chariot, the composite bow, improved battle axes, and advanced fortification techniques. All of this strongly suggests Indo-European origin. Robert Drews (1994) in this book “The Coming of the Greeks: Indo-European Conquests in the Aegean and the Near East” describes the Hyksos as follows:
“Where the hyksos chiefs who took over Egypt ca. 1650 B.C. may have gotten their chariots and charioteers is not known, but eastern Anatolia is not an unlikely source. The most direct evidence for the importance of Armenia in the development and manufacture of military chariots in the Late Bronze Age comes from Egyptian tombs. Since Egypt lacked the necessary woods, one assumes that the pharaohs regularly purchased from abroad either finished chariots or-after Egyptian woodworkers had perfected their skills-the requisite chariot wood. A tomb inscription from the reign of Amenhotep II declares that the wood for His Majesty’s chariot was brought from “the country of Naharin” (Mitanni). Since Mitanni itself was not wooded, we may suppose that the material come from the mountains to the north of Mitanni. In the case of the fifteenth century chariot now in Florance’s Museo Archeologico, studies of the wood done more than fifty years ago concluded that the chariot was made in Armenia, or quite precisely in the mountainous area bounded on the east by the Caspian, and on the south and west by a diagonal line extending from the southern shores of the Caspian to the Black Sea coast in the vicinity of Trebizond. If Egypt was to some extent dependent upon eastern Anatolia for its chariotry during the Eighteenth Dynasty, there are grounds for suspecting that when the chariot warfare first came to Egypt, it came from Armenia.”
That there was plenty of contact between ancient Egypt and ancient Armenia is apparent from Egyptian artifacts that were found in ancient Armenian burials. Whether the Hyksos explain the ancient Egyptian affinity to Armenians and other ancient people of Levant, Anatolia and Europe, or that perhaps this genetic influx extends to far older times remains a mystery. It is not unthinkable that the entire ancient Egyptian civilization radiated from the Armenian plateau after the invention and the spread of agriculture that occurred on the Armenian Highlands and its adjacent territories. The fact that within 1,300-year timespan that these DNA samples represent, there is great genetic continuity among the ancient Egyptians, suggests that it might extend to much older periods even predating the Hyksos invasion. Unless scholars find older Egyptian DNA to analyse and compare, this will remain a subject of discussion.
Another caution regarding the generalization of these findings should be considered. All of the 93 mummies that have been investigated were found in the same place at Abusir el-Meleq. It is possible that they represent only the upper class of ancient Egyptian life or a regional subgroup. However, because of the fairly large time period (1300 years) these mummies belonged to, it is also feasible to assume that they indeed represent a large portion of the genetics of ancient Egypt, with its roots possibly in Armenian Highlands.
This proves that the Armenians built the pyramids and not the Africans.
Huh, no. The pyramids are around a thousand years older than the mummies.
This is a joke right??? This site, the author and those responsible for this tongue-in-cheek “science” have been very selective in their choice of facts and photos. Anyone who has spent any time in Egypt, visiting tombs, viewing antiquities (as I have) can tell you that the older hieroglyphs are of darker people. The older the hieroglyphs, the darker the people portrayed in them. Why is it SOOOO hard for white people to accept that black people built the pyramids? The unshakable idea of white supremacy – that’s why. Armenians built the pyramids! HAHAHAHAHAHA. There’s nothing in the annals of… Read more »
Laugh all you want, but before you laugh further google Göbekli Tepe (or Portasar). A monument not even half excavated 7000 years older than the oldest pyramids. Trust me people on the Armenian Highlands didn’t wait for anyone to build such structures. Due to the Iron curtain during Soviet times and hostilities with Turkey that region had very little time to develop proper archaeology. But neolithic monuments are found there every time now. That region is very mountainous and prone to volcanic earthquakes. Not a lot of big structures survived unless they were buried like the megaliths of Göbekli Tepe.… Read more »
Nobody give a fuck about of how they looked like . But DNA analysis shows that subsaharan ‘Dna made up around 6 percent of ancient egyptians Dna. While it makes up around 15 today. Stop whining both of you. Black nubians where also a thing. Also you got malian and west saharan empires.
First of all this study is not comprehensive as it only covers mummies from one site in middle egypt between the time of 1400bc to 400ce and ancient egyptian history start further back 3150 bc… so this study finds that some mummies had west asian dna no problem this however doesn’t mean that ancient egyptian origins are eurasian in fact it only mean there was a lot eurasian living in egypt during that period from 1400bc to 400ce in egypt. the first asiatic invaders (hyksos) of egypt came at 1650bc and ruled for 108 years then new kingdom (1549bc) and… Read more »
Well first of all, every study is flawed. You can find flaws in every study. I find it very immature to simply dismiss this study because you (think you) find some flaws. Secondly, it is important to note that this is the most comprehensive study of ancient Egyptian DNA, testing over 90 samples. Just this fact alone gives the study much credence. And their own conclusion clearly says: “Our analyses reveal that ancient Egyptians shared more ancestry with Near Easterners than present-day Egyptians, who received additional sub-Saharan admixture in more recent times.” Third, 1,300 years is not a small time… Read more »
Here is a list of 10 world’s oldest things found just on the small territory of modern republic of Armenia. Not even counting the territories of the actual ancient Armenian kingdoms. https://www.peopleofar.com/2014/12/17/10-worlds-oldest-things-from-armenia/
Skin tone =/= race. Do i become a different race when I produce more melanin in the summer time? White is just a catch all term for the various European ethnic groups, that doesn’t include other Caucasoid’s like north Africans, and west Asians (middle east). European’s and white Americans aren’t claiming to be decedent from ancient egyptians’s. were just letting you know that you aren’t either. On top of that I cant believe you expect us to just ignore factual forensic science and the fact Sub Saharan Africans (negroid) ethno states despite being rich with land and resources, cant even… Read more »
So you are black correct
i agree 100% with this. every time they’ve done a study on the ancient Egyptians/Kemetic, they only do the study for time periods involving when the greeks and romans had already integrated into the population. It almost seems like a deliberate attempt to admit that the original Egyptians in power were African, and darker skinned. i mean, how can evidence get more obvious when its clearly staring them in the face with the sculptures and artwork from the Old Kingdom, and even more so before that?
It’s not hard, they’re just racist in their bones. Armenians people didn’t event exist back then AND they’re NOT even white. Tells you everything that you need to know. Actual racist -scientist- are more vicious but also subtle.
The egyptians where White while nubians where black. Some race mixing started to happen during the same time. But egyptians where 94 percent white arab and 6 percent Subsaharan during that time. There where some nubian dynasties but also greek and romans. So I would say the majority of ancient egyptians looked like arabs today. Not like Kalergi imagined them at least. Nubians where completly black thou and there where a great amount of africans civilizations in western Africa. Who gives a shit about the egyptians
the pyramids and megalithic structures were built by Gaints or nephelims
I hope that ends the persistent argument from a few who falsely believe ancient egyptians were black. Just because Egypt was and is in North Africa does not mean they were genetically similar to sub-saharan people. This along with the scrutiny and testing of various mummies of Ramsese and Tut have proven that they were caucasian (WHITE), not black. Sorry for those who cling to the hope that black africans somehow were responsible for an advanced and dominant ancient civilization. The truth is, which is still obvious, ancient blacks most likely did not differ much from the primitive tribes still… Read more »
What a douche you are! Your comment is racist and therefore ignorant. I’m so grateful that those “primitive tribes scattered across the african continent” that you are so condescending to, have better things to do (like provide for their own survival, practice a mythology and create communities where there are no crimes) than to read your your stupid comment. Do you think that because you’re “cacausian (WHITE)” it means that somehow YOU contributed in any way to the development of civilization?! NO! You didn’t! And as a matter of fact you, in the present day, are doing quite the opposite… Read more »
Armenians are white so you are racists as hell
Armenians are not ‘white’ as in European. They some, are light skinned but since white isn’t even a race, for F’s sake…Armenians as well as other middle eastern/west asian folk are not. The whole color game is just that, a vestigial organ of stupidity leftover from colonial times. Please let’s evolve and stop calling humans by their respective colors when more often than not, they’re far from accurate and stupid sounding. Armenians are west asian or middle eastern, or just Armenian. Indigenous to the region. OG.
Facts are Facts, I am an R1b, and I will not have my ancestors or my people insulted, by your ignorant comments. My ancestors were ancient horse warriors and conquered and settled the middle east and Europe. Grow up and realise that Africans had no influence on R1b culture in the past. However, in modern times you now dominate the mind set of most modern Western Culture, so give yourself a pat on the back.
AND, by the way, this article doesn’t say that the Egyptians resembled your “caucasians (WHITE), it says they resembled the Armenians, who are not “caucasians (white)”. Armenians are Armenians!!! And among the Armenians is the person who invented the cement mixer, the person who invented the magnetic resonance machine, the ice cream waffle cones (thank you!), the ATM’s, the blow-dryer, and many more.
Hey Fernanda, you dumb cunt. Yelling racist dont prove him wrong. Indeed showing a subsaarian people that developed a writing system by themselves would help a lot. Also, armenians ARE caucasoids. By the way your english is terrible.
Meroe scriptures are still not understood
Don’t be a sexist to make your point. Just make your freaking point.
Armenians and Georgians are the literal definition of Caucasian…
THANNNNK U…
Lmao, I didn’t know an ethnicity could settle 3000 years in the Caucasus and have predominant R1b haplogroup, and still not be Caucasian or White. Logical failure, haha.
Armenians ARE Caucasians, in fact they’re THE caucasians, where the rest of Caucasians came from. Phenotypically, they tend to look closest to Southern Europeans. Italians, Spanish, Greeks etc.
Its not the question of so called black africans created advanced ancient civilizations. For this question egypt is not needed because there werw many other african civilitations like kush, meroe, kemet ancient gana etc.as well.
The only thing is noone knows the roots of ancient egypt and thats the question which is stil open
classic sign of a moron
But blacks are indeed responsible for inventing over half the things in this country now, not to mention the scientists.All the black architects, William Sidney just namind one.That Ford you drive, who really invented the ford! who are you to say blacks didn’t build the pyramids. we all know white poeple and they pale skin couldn’t stand the egyptian desert sun. just a little somthing for you to think about.
Number one problem white supremacists face is “how can you claim to be superior when where, in ancient history, it burned brightest, where it burned whitest; northern Europe, the white man has nothing but caves to show for his superiority. Hitler appropriated Hindu warriors as Aryan ancestors of the modern German and now you are claiming brown/black skinned peoples of thousands of miles of land and seas away from the typical European. Name just one country more intertwined in the formation, the dna of Ancient Egypt than Nubia; modern day Sudan. Dreamer!! DNA is the game of numbers!!
LOL – He appropriated Hindu warriors lol
Hitler did in fact appropriate ancient Dravidian cultural beliefs… Dravidians had migrated out of Africa (as did MANY of the world’s original continental settlers) & settled in what we know now as India. Speaking of which… Modern Indians (as with most south & far east Asian cultures aside from Cambodia, parts of Thailand, Vietnam & the Philippines) look different than the cultures of pre colonial asia. Anglo European conquerors have a great deal to do with this over the last few hundred years, bringing with them their racial misconceptions of “superiority” even though darker (the vast majority of them were… Read more »
What do you think genetics are you gimp? DNA shows the Egyptians were nothing like negroids and even the Egyptians portrayed themselves completely different from negroids. How do you explain that mud hut dweller?
Early Europeans may have lived in caves but what makes more sense mud huts made from dung or solid caves?
What is this nonsense?
The point is you didn’t build old Egypt and black people were slaves in Egypt Sorry
Noone knows the roots of ancient egypt. And so called black africans where not slaves in egypt, egypt and meroe where military rivals for more than thousand years. The slaves of egypt were the hebrews
Who were also of African descent, as were many if the ancient Mediterranean world.
The genetic markers indentifying Egyptian rulers with non-African people are understandable considering the numerous conquest of Egypt from Central Asia, such as the Hyksos, does not establish that
Egyptian civilization was actually
started by these people. Findings by
the British ethnic Kenyan, Dr. Sir Basil
Davidson, indicate the Egyptian civilization was started by people related to the Nubians. To support this in his series “Africa” on the Discovery Channel, he shows pre-Egyptian cave paintings, in Algeria,
of a very dark-skinned people dressed like the Egyptians and Nubian pyramids that were smaller but older than those, further north, in Egypt.
How did Nubians end up in Algeria? Nubians are associated with Sudan which is on the other side of Africa from Algeria. Also there are interesting facts about Nubian DNA, which holds a sizable European and Eurasian markers. According to Y-DNA analysis by Hassan et al. (2008), around 44% of Nubians in Sudan carry the haplogroup J. The remainder mainly belong to the E1b1b clade (23%). Both paternal lineages are also common among local Afroasiatic-speaking populations. The next most frequent haplogroups borne by Nubians are the Western European-linked R1b clade (10%) and the Eurasian lineage F (10%), followed by the… Read more »
You really need to study what you are saying before you talk
I didn’t put this comment here, I put it somewhere else
And the name ‘Egypt’ did not come from the inhabitants, but is a bastardization of a hellenic Origin. The inhabitants of what we know as ‘Egypt’ called their land ‘Kemet’, or land of the black skins’ or ‘face’. They called themselves ‘Kemetyu’ or ‘Black skins’or ‘Sun people’ because of the intensity of the sun in that region. Btw, on average in the summer there the temperature varies between 85° & 125° from late spring to early fall. All those here claiming people of weaker melanin content were the builders & inhabitants of Kemet (minus air-conditioning) are espousing fantasy or are… Read more »
According to National Geographic Genographic Project tracing ancient human migrations, Armenians left their DNA markers 80,000 – 40,000 years ago in Portasar, or in gibberish, Gobekli Tepe. Moreover, according to the same DNA tests, I have a direct Y chromosome link to King Tut and thus his father Pharaoh Akhenaten the first monotheistic Pharaoh in Egyptian history who some now claim was actually Moses. And, I am Armenian but don’t hold myself out as an ancient alien hybrid like the popular cable show Ancient Aliens.
Sphinx is sick in the head and needs psychiatric help.
White people cannot stand being out in the sun more than 30 minutes without sunscreen and yet you are trying to tell me that Armenians, white people, were the people living in Egypt, Africa, thousands of years ago?…HAHA HAHAHA good try Funny tho, now that the truth cannot be hidden any longer some white folks have the courage to say “wooly hair and dark skin is not exclusive to black/African people” HAHAHA good try number 2. to the ignorants out there, Africa is a huge continent bigger than the US, china and almost the entire Europe combined (do some research)… Read more »
Yeah, yeah. Whites can’t stand the African sun. Well, wogs can’t build anything more complicated than a mud hut or some shack. Cry for me, n1993r!
White people cannot stand being out in the sun more than 30 minutes without sunscreen, and you’re trying to tell me is white people who created the pyramids..in Egypt white people…in Africa 12000 years ago…white the steong african sun…HAHAHA please
I browsed through this website and it is basically saying that the center of all good and beautiful is Armenia? Well okay doesnt bother me at all. But seriously, the history of Egypt doesnt start at 1400 BC. It is not unlikely that some ancient people from the Caucasus invaded Egypt but to say that they were base of the Egyptian population this time is a bold claim. Regarding culture, dressing, rituals, names etc the ACTUAL Egyptian culture hasnt very much to do with cultures from the Caucasus and the invaders were most likely just assimilated into ancient Egypt. Plus,… Read more »
Have you even read the article? lol None of your accusations are claimed in this article. No one says that all good and beautiful is from Armenia. This website is however about Armenia lol. Would you also complain the absence of Chinese in a book on Greek civilization? Who says anything about the base (whatever that may be) of the Egyptian population? What do you know of the Cultures from the Caucasus? Did you know that the ancient Greeks historians considered some tribes of the Caucasus to be related to Egyptians? Herodotus regarded the Colchians as an Ancient Egyptian race.… Read more »
Based on genetic studies , if accurate , a lot of the Egyptians were armenian , this was not by invasion or rape since they dont tend to be that way culturally or in war , it was assimilation and intermarriage. Second, Armenians are Caucasian , theyre practically the definition of the term , and they have r1b and other european genetics. Most things in the modern world that are beautiful and grand do come from armenians because they were the ancient innovators, Europeans based on historical, writtwn, architectural, linguistic, and artifact evidence are from Armenia , they even reference… Read more »
This is wrong the ancient Egyptians were southern Ethiopians and where enslaved to build the pyramids so if they found some bones or something It’s probably from the europeans how enslaved the Africans not form the Europeans being there naturally stop white washing Egypt
This article is correct, but there are too many idiots in this discussion. The Hyksos were clearly “Hurrian and Indo-European” and from the north of Egypt. This makes it very likely that they were similar to modern Armenians (who are Hurrian+Indo-European), if not Armenians themselves. Ancient Egyptians were Black African and Near Eastern/Mediterranean. Upper and Lower Egypt were united in 3100 BC but they were hundreds of years older. So by the time the Hyksos entered Egypt, Egyptian society had already been around for nearly 2000 years. Some of the people were Black. Some were more like Armenians. It was… Read more »
Is there any linguistic connection between the ancient Egyptian language and Armenian language. Perhaps we can start there.
You call yourselves educated. You are nothing but a bunch of illiterate jerks. Taking a snap shot at a later stage of Kemet’s history an claiming that the preceding knowledge was created by something akin to white people is as bigoted and stupid as this article.
Are you so bigoted against White people that you can’t stand to hear about the engineering and architectural accomplishments being their achievement, rather than that of a bunch of mud-skins? Calm down, freak!
The picture of ancient Egyptians looks like typical modern day Egyptians exactly, not like Armenians. Stop trying to rewrite our history.
“Your” history is that of Arabs and black slaves. Egyptians were white mediterraneans, you’re a mongrel. Those fayum images aren’t ancient Egyptians either, they’re from the Roman period (when the population had been mixing with Nubians for 1000 years), even then most of them don’t look like you Arabs.
You should probably rethink everything you just said. Not a word of it is true… Well, that “1000 years” part is somewhat close…but add another 11,000 years to that… And calling someone “mongrel” just shows how little you know about anthropology AND actual history…. Pick up a book written by someone other than the plethora of so-called “archeologists”. Particularly someone of whom isn’t white & who doesn’t repeat the same old worn out, fantastical, improbable false history of inclusion in every great culture throughout time, agreed upon by nothing but white “historians” pushing a 300+ year old narrative of white… Read more »
Isn’t it weird the only people making this claim is from this website and the people who disagree has proximately negative feedback I am not dismissing the article but I feel it might be a little outdated I read it all and when I went to other articles is just paragraphs upon paragraphs on saying why this is wrong…so in the words of fresh prince “this is a black thing isn’t it”
Namer meni Sahure both pharaoh of the old dynasty have wide big nose i suppose Armenians look like them? the cave painting of prehistoric Europe show Red in Black skin people not white the problem with you white writters you thin your indian but your not always saying indo European when you are a mix with the Albino Mongoloids in the Hindu Indoids i can show you lots of picture of the Middle Easter Asiactics on Egyptian wall painting who skin tone is Reddish Brown unliked your fake image of the Asiactic tribe on the walls of Khnumhotep tomb that… Read more »
this is the true image not that fake image
Egyptian civilization was created by the people of upper Egypt (i.e. Thebes, Luxor, Aswan). The people living in what was known as lower Egypt, were always foreigners coming in through Palestine. This Armenian strain in the genetics of the Egyptians was brought in by invaders and usurpers(check the hyksos story) who couldn’t go up the Nile to southern Egypt. That’s why when ppl are looking for or talking about the “Egyptians”, all you have to do is look to southern Egypt. The ppl are even the same reddish copper color as the ancient Egyptians painted and depicted themselves on all… Read more »
You can’t believe anything the white people put out there period. They still telling the lie of Santa Claus flying around in a sleigh with deer guiding it, among the other lies they tell. They will say anything to make themselves look like they accomplished something good; when we all know the only thing they accomplished was the killings of many africans.
I can’t believe what n1993rs say, period! No one kills Africans more than Africans…..and malaria!
Egyptians were Egyptians, and their skin tones were likely to have been diverse. For all we know, Egypt could have been like some countries today, with African Egyptians, European Egyptians, Chinese Egyptians, and so on.
“Diverse”! Such a stupid, nonsensical word, to conceal one’s ignorance and disguise it as knowledge.
Awesome – 1500 BC to 300 BCE is the period of greco roman occupation. This is right before the Arab invasion. The findings are consistent with that period. The occupiers are white and thus the difference to Egyptian DNA.
A lot of delightfully interesting information here. I have not read all the articles here yet and I need to catch up on general history, but I’m beginning to wonder if there was an Armenian empire perhaps as big as Rome or Alexander the Great’s domain or however far the genetic linguistic technological trail will reveal. Looking past todays names for ancient place names in this era of Egyptian history that this article covers (perhaps longer), could there have been an empire spanning across and including Egypt-Armenia, including island and coastal areas like Crete, Portugal, Spain, Ireland, England? Or perhaps… Read more »